Abstract
This chapter focuses on the role of demand-oriented innovation policies in supporting the global green shift. Three specific cases, all from Europe, in which change has been very quick indeed, are considered: wind energy in Denmark, the German Energiewende, and electrical cars in Norway. The emphasis is placed particularly on the nature of the policies adopted, how they came about, and their impacts on a national as well as global scale. It is shown that demand-oriented innovation policies played a decisive role in all three cases and contributed to encouraging (green) innovation, creating new jobs, and significantly speeding up the transition. Moreover, these policies had very important global repercussions.
Mobilizing innovation for the global green shift: The case for demand-oriented innovation policy