dc.contributor.author | Xue, Yiting | |
dc.contributor.author | Kristiansen, Ivar S | |
dc.contributor.author | de Blasio, Birgitte F | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-10-09T02:12:50Z | |
dc.date.available | 2015-10-09T02:12:50Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.identifier.citation | BMC Public Health. 2010 Nov 24;10(1):724 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/46764 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background
Estimating the economic impact of influenza is complicated because the disease may have non-specific symptoms, and many patients with influenza are registered with other diagnoses. Furthermore, in some countries like Norway, employees can be on paid sick leave for a specified number of days without a doctor's certificate ("self-reported sick leave") and these sick leaves are not registered. Both problems result in gaps in the existing literature: costs associated with influenza-related illness and self-reported sick leave are rarely included. The aim of this study was to improve estimates of total influenza-related health-care costs and productivity losses by estimating these missing costs.
Methods
Using Norwegian data, the weekly numbers of influenza-attributable hospital admissions and certified sick leaves registered with other diagnoses were estimated from influenza-like illness surveillance data using quasi-Poisson regression. The number of self-reported sick leaves was estimated using a Monte-Carlo simulation model of illness recovery curves based on the number of certified sick leaves. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted on the economic outcomes.
Results
During the 1998/99 through 2005/06 influenza seasons, the models estimated an annual average of 2700 excess influenza-associated hospitalizations in Norway, of which 16% were registered as influenza, 51% as pneumonia and 33% were registered with other diagnoses. The direct cost of seasonal influenza totaled US$22 million annually, including costs of pharmaceuticals and outpatient services. The annual average number of working days lost was predicted at 793 000, resulting in an estimated productivity loss of US$231 million. Self-reported sick leave accounted for approximately one-third of the total indirect cost. During a pandemic, the total cost could rise to over US$800 million.
Conclusions
Influenza places a considerable burden on patients and society with indirect costs greatly exceeding direct costs. The cost of influenza-attributable complications and the cost of self-reported sick leave represent a considerable part of the economic burden of influenza. | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.rights | Xue et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. | |
dc.rights | Attribution 2.0 Generic | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ | |
dc.title | Modeling the cost of influenza: the impact of missing costs of unreported complications and sick leave | |
dc.type | Journal article | |
dc.date.updated | 2015-10-09T02:12:50Z | |
dc.creator.author | Xue, Yiting | |
dc.creator.author | Kristiansen, Ivar S | |
dc.creator.author | de Blasio, Birgitte F | |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-724 | |
dc.identifier.urn | URN:NBN:no-50946 | |
dc.type.document | Tidsskriftartikkel | |
dc.type.peerreviewed | Peer reviewed | |
dc.identifier.fulltext | Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/46764/1/12889_2010_Article_2635.pdf | |
dc.type.version | PublishedVersion | |
cristin.articleid | 724 | |