| dc.description.abstract | Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasing global problem, with high numbers of people living with the disease. Prebiotic fibers are shown to reduce hunger and increase satiety in healthy and obese people, through mechanisms involving the gut microbiota, gut hormones and the brain. However, the effect of prebiotic fiber supplements on appetite has not been studied in people with T2DM. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of prebiotic fiber supplement on subjective and objective appetite markers in people with T2DM. Materials and methods: Twenty-five participants with T2DM completed two 6-weeks periods with prebiotics (inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides) and placebo (maltodextrin) divided by a 4-weeks washout period in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Subjective feeling of appetite, food intake and appetite related hormones (acyl ghrelin, active GLP-1, total PYY, leptin and insulin) were measured before and after each study period. Results: There was no differences between the prebiotic- and placebo period in subjective appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness and prospective food consumption) or food intake. PYY had a significantly greater change from baseline at 60 min postprandially after treatment with placebo compared with prebiotics (16.0 pg/mL (P25, P75: -7.9, 42.0) vs. -3.1 pg/mL (P25, P75: -20.7, 21.1) [p<0.01] respectively). However, carryover effects were found for PYY, and the significant effect was abolished when analyzing PYY in parallel samples. There were no differences in change from baseline between the prebiotic- and placebo period in concentrations of ghrelin, GLP-1, leptin or insulin. Conclusions: Prebiotic fiber supplement did not affect subjective or objective appetite markers in people with T2DM. Relevance: Overweight and obesity are risk factors for developing T2DM and diabetes complications. Reduced hunger and increased satiety would potentially reduce the risk of overeating and subsequent weight gain. Strategies to reduce weight gain and possibly obtain weight loss would be beneficial to reduce the risk of developing T2DM and its macro- and microvascular complications. | eng |