Fermion N -representability for prescribed density and paramagnetic current density

Abstract

The N-representability problem is the problem of determining whether there exists N-particle states with some prescribed property. Here we report an affirmative solution to the fermion N-representability problem when both the density and the paramagnetic current density are prescribed. This problem arises in current-density functional theory and is a generalization of the well-studied corresponding problem (only the density prescribed) in density functional theory. Given any density and paramagnetic current density satisfying a minimal regularity condition (essentially that a von Weizäcker–like canonical kinetic energy density is locally integrable), we prove that there exists a corresponding N-particle state. We prove this by constructing an explicit one-particle reduced density matrix in the form of a position-space kernel, i.e., a function of two continuous-position variables. In order to make minimal assumptions, we also address mathematical subtleties regarding the diagonal of, and how to rigorously extract paramagnetic current densities from, one-particle reduced density matrices in kernel form. © 2014 American Physical Society