Unge LAR-pasienter; erfaringer om muligheter for endring

Abstract

Denne oppgaven handler om unge pasienter i LAR-behandling. Jeg har sett på deres nye handlingsmønster i oppstart av rehabilitering, og forsøkt å belyse denne endring av habitus ved å ta i bruk Bourdieus teori om hvordan dette kan forekomme. LAR - Legemiddelassistert rehabilitering er en substitusjonsbehandling som har vært et statelig tilbud til personer med rusbakgrunn, i snart 20 år i Norge. Med «Nasjonal Retningslinje for LAR ved opioidavhengighet» fra 2010, og endringer i inntakskriterier er det blitt mulig for unge under 25 år å bli tatt opp i denne behandlingen. Jeg har intervjuet fem LAR-pasienter mellom 20-25 år. Ved metoden semistrukturert intervju kunne jeg åpne for de temaene som pasientene selv syntes er viktige. Med utgangspunkt i datamaterialet fra intervjuene vil jeg se på relevansen av begrepene endring av habitus hos Bourdieu (1999), og Giddens vektlegging av handlingsmuligheter, for de opplevelsene informantene har av rehabiliteringsprosessen. Jeg skal knytte dette til betydningen brukermedvirkning kan ha for pasienters opplevelse av muligheter til å opprettholde endringsprosessen.

This assignment is about patients in treatment, who have been assigned to rehabilitation and prescription-drugs to get control over their previous drug use. In accordance with Bourdieu s theory (in Meditation 1999) individuals do – in some cases – have the possibility to change their habitus-patterns if they experience a sort of crisis. With this thesis I want to illustrate what kind of change in habitus the patients have gone through before and in this treatment, and pose some answers to what possibilities of action they have in this system to control their own change, like Giddens suggests. I have interviewed five individuals (between 20 - 25 years of age) about their opinions and experiences in this opioid maintenance treatment in Norway – LAR, and will detract data form this to illustrate these issues. There has been made adjustments in the criteria of who could be admitted to this sort of substitute-treatment, and that has influenced also the intentions with rehabilitation. I will argue for implementing more influence from the patients (Brukermedvirkning) in this treatment. Patients have this right in the healthcare-system in Norway, and opening for cooperation for the individual solutions in the life-changes these young patients go through. Some of the differences in situation they have gone through is stop using hard drugs such as heroin, and changed them with a prescribed drug as a substitute. In this rehabilitation they have conversations about treatment and medicine. In this assignment I take a look at how the patients I talked to see themselves in this part of their lives: finding a solution in new situations such as with work, education, hopes of family and creating their future. In this way they can find ways to maintain their change of habitus, by experiencing that they have possibilities to own their process of change.