Bør snus forbys? : en litteraturstudie

Abstract

ABSTRACT In excess of 10% of the Norwegian population are snus-users, and the proportion is increasing. An average user of smokeless tobacco is a highly educated man, 25-44 years. Men aged 16-24 years consume more smokeless tobacco than cigarettes. Consumption in young women has changed from not measurable in 2003 to just over 5% in 2008. Norway is one of few countries in Europe that allow the sale of snus. The turnover is increasing and the consequences are uncertain. In this task we have considered whether the sale of smokeless tobacco also should be banned in Norway. In order to do this, we have evaluated the health risks, prevention opportunities, consumption and trends. This has provided the basis for further consideration of social responsibility, response, and ethics related to the use of smokeless tobacco products. We found indications that large doses of smokeless tobacco used over several decades can lead to a moderately increased risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus and pancreas. There is a possible link between snus and reversible lesions in the oral cavity, possible increased risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and heart attack. Pregnancy and breast-feeding among snususing mothers seems possible to give serious healthconsequences for the child. There is a need for more research on the health consequences of using snus. In Norway, there are currently strict restrictions. We have high taxes and a desire to sharpen the health warning on the use of all tobacco. The objective is the lowest possible turnover; a zero vision as we understand it. However, in some parts of the population, a shift from cigarette smoking to smokeless tobacco provide a major health benefit. Despite the health hazards of smokeless tobacco, it is perhaps more important to optimize the public health and reduce the social gradient than to achieve zero vision. We have not found weighty reasons snuff should be banned.