P-piller og infertilitet

Abstract

Abstract The birth control pills are medications that prevent pregnancy, they contain a combination of the hormones estrogen and progestin and are also named the combined oral contraceptives (COC). When the birth control pills are taken correctly, the efficiency is up to 99, 9 %. The pills are today used by more than 100 million women over the world but the usage varies from country to country, dependent on age, education and marital status. COC has some risks and side effects which are common for all contraceptives which contains estrogen-progestin. The most feared side effect is the cardiovascular risk of blodclot, stroke and heart infarction even if these conditions are extremely rare in young females. Infertility appearing after using the birth control pill for a long period of time is not proven. The aim of this study is to review the physiology of the normal menstrual cycle including the function of the reproductive hormones. The mechanisms of the birth control pills and the risks and side effects associated with estrogen-progestin contraceptives will be investigated and especially if the pill can influence fertility. An additional goal is to review the definition of infertility, its prevalence and etiology and to focus upon the treatments which are available for infertile couples. It is until now acknowledged that the birth control pill will not have any impact on fertility in an unhealthy way, but still more research is need to clarify every aspects of the hormonal influence on the body