| dc.description.abstract | Abstract This thesis investigates defense expenditures dynamics in NATO member states, primarily focusing on Norway, with a brief comparison with Poland, and Denmark. Employing a framework encompassing five perspectives based on theoretical and analytical foundations—GDP, threat perception, historical experiences, strategic culture, and burden-sharing—the research explores factors influencing defense budget decisions within the alliance. The empirical analysis unfolds in three steps. Step one is an examination of how the five perspectives align with NATO's overview of allies' defense spending as a percentage of GDP establishes foundational insights into defense spending patterns. Step two comprises a detailed exploration of Norway's defense expenditure evolution, considering historical context, threat perceptions, GDP considerations, and NATO commitments, provides a deeper understanding of its approach. Step three involves a brief comparative analysis, contrasting Norway's defense spending with Poland and Denmark. Each perspective is applied to scrutinize the distinct approaches these nations adopt, shedding light on their divergent geopolitical positions, historical legacies, and defense priorities. This comparative lens aims to contribute nuanced insights into the multifaceted nature of defense expenditure decisions of NATO allies and the varying influences that shape member states' contributions to collective security efforts. In conclusion, the findings provide insights into how NATO member states navigate defense expenditure decisions. The ambition is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities shaping contemporary defense strategies and the evolving dynamics of collective security initiatives within the alliance. Keywords: NATO, threat perception, defense spending, comparative analysis, Norway | nob |