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dc.date.accessioned2023-03-13T17:27:47Z
dc.date.available2023-03-13T17:27:47Z
dc.date.created2022-11-14T14:37:56Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationMarcussen, Thomas Ballard, Harvey E. Danihelka, Jiří Flores, Ana R. Nicola, Marcela V. Watson, John M. . A Revised Phylogenetic Classification for Viola (Violaceae). Plants. 2022, 11(17)
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10852/101385
dc.description.abstractThe genus Viola (Violaceae) is among the 40–50 largest genera among angiosperms, yet its taxonomy has not been revised for nearly a century. In the most recent revision, by Wilhelm Becker in 1925, the then-known 400 species were distributed among 14 sections and numerous unranked groups. Here, we provide an updated, comprehensive classification of the genus, based on data from phylogeny, morphology, chromosome counts, and ploidy, and based on modern principles of monophyly. The revision is presented as an annotated global checklist of accepted species of Viola, an updated multigene phylogenetic network and an ITS phylogeny with denser taxon sampling, a brief summary of the taxonomic changes from Becker’s classification and their justification, a morphological binary key to the accepted subgenera, sections and subsections, and an account of each infrageneric subdivision with justifications for delimitation and rank including a description, a list of apomorphies, molecular phylogenies where possible or relevant, a distribution map, and a list of included species. We distribute the 664 species accepted by us into 2 subgenera, 31 sections, and 20 subsections. We erect one new subgenus of Viola (subg. Neoandinium, a replacement name for the illegitimate subg. Andinium), six new sections (sect. Abyssinium, sect. Himalayum, sect. Melvio, sect. Nematocaulon, sect. Spathulidium, sect. Xanthidium), and seven new subsections (subsect. Australasiaticae, subsect. Bulbosae, subsect. Clausenianae, subsect. Cleistogamae, subsect. Dispares, subsect. Formosanae, subsect. Pseudorupestres). Evolution within the genus is discussed in light of biogeography, the fossil record, morphology, and particular traits. Viola is among very few temperate and widespread genera that originated in South America. The biggest identified knowledge gaps for Viola concern the South American taxa, for which basic knowledge from phylogeny, chromosome counts, and fossil data is virtually absent. Viola has also never been subject to comprehensive anatomical study. Studies into seed anatomy and morphology are required to understand the fossil record of the genus.
dc.languageEN
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.titleA Revised Phylogenetic Classification for Viola (Violaceae)
dc.title.alternativeENEngelskEnglishA Revised Phylogenetic Classification for Viola (Violaceae)
dc.typeJournal article
dc.creator.authorMarcussen, Thomas
dc.creator.authorBallard, Harvey E.
dc.creator.authorDanihelka, Jiří
dc.creator.authorFlores, Ana R.
dc.creator.authorNicola, Marcela V.
dc.creator.authorWatson, John M.
cristin.unitcode185,15,29,50
cristin.unitnameCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1
dc.identifier.cristin2073647
dc.identifier.bibliographiccitationinfo:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Plants&rft.volume=11&rft.spage=&rft.date=2022
dc.identifier.jtitlePlants
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.identifier.issue17
dc.identifier.pagecount135
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172224
dc.type.documentTidsskriftartikkel
dc.type.peerreviewedPeer reviewed
dc.source.issn2223-7747
dc.type.versionPublishedVersion
cristin.articleid2224


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